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- ItemAn admissions management system for Nursing schools (AMSNS): a case study of Kibuli school of nursing and midwifery(Kampala International University, 2010) Babirye, AnnaThe study focused on the developing An Admissions Management System for Nursing Schools, to provide for management oriented reporting. The purpose of this study was to examine what students and staffs perceive are the advantages and disadvantages of the proposed admission system. The main research problem was due to the fact that the school uses a manual system of admitting students, keeping records in files and books with no backups and difficulty accessing students’ records. The objective of this study was to analyze and design an application to solve difficulties faced while dealing with student’s information in the admission.
- ItemAn Admissions Management System for Nursing Schools (AMSNS): A Case Study of Kibuli School of Nursing and Midwifery(Kampala International University, School of Engineering Science, 2010-10) Babirye, AnnaThe study focused on the developing An Admissions Management System for Nursing Schools, to provide for management-oriented reporting. The purpose of this study was to examine what students and staffs perceive are the advantages and disadvantages of the proposed admission system. The main research problem was due to the fact that the school uses a manual system of admitting students, keeping records in files and books with no backups and difficulty accessing students’ records. The objective of this study was to analyze and design an application to solve difficulties faced while dealing with student’s information in the admission. For the purposes of this study a descriptive design methodology was used to assess the experiences of the school and students involved in the KSNM admission program. The information required was gathered through; Observation, Existing documents, Interview, Questionnaire etc. to consider research design, research population, instrument, data gathering procedures and data analysis. The study found out most participants by type and age were students while lowest were staff and by designation were tutors while lowest were clinical instructors. Most students said that the old system is poor. The study concluded that an AMSNS is meant to be one of the most needed sources of benchmark information that would provide better performance for the school or organization at large. The researcher recommends that incase of any errors, documentation of the new system should always be updated and further user training.
- ItemAdoption of inorganic fertilizes for crop production by local communities in Soroti District, Uganda.(Kampala International University, School of Engineering and Applied Science, 2012-10) Eniru Emmanuel, InnocentIn modern agriculture, inorganic fertilizers are commonly being used to supplement soil nutrients, to promote plant growth, to increase crop productivity and also improve food quality. Fertilizer adoption in Uganda in small holder agriculture is among the lowest in comparison with other Sub-Sahara African countries. This study was carried out to investigate the adoption of inorganic fertilizers for crop production in Soroti district by identifying the common types of inorganic fertilizers used for crop production, finding out the factors affecting the adoption of inorganic fertilizers, and determining the relationship between adoption of inorganic fertilizers and crop yields. The methods used were stratified random sampling, purposive, and snowball sampling. The data collection instruments were the questionnaires and structured interview schedules. The data was analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Scientists software. Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient was used to analyze the correlation between the adoption of inorganic fertilizers and crop yields. ANOVA and t-test were carried out to determine significant mean differences between samples. Results from the study showed that DAP and Urea are the most commonly used inorganic fertilizers in all the sub-counties. The factors affecting adoption of inorganic fertilizers are high cost of purchasing, lack of sensitization, inaccessibility of the inorganic fertilizers, lack of training, cultural or negative attitude, poor storage facilities, and unreliable weather patterns. The ANOVA test indicated that there is no significant mean difference in fertilizer usage among the four sub-counties. However, from the t-test for independent samples, it was observed that there is a statistically significant difference between the means in the views regarding fertilizer usage between the local people in the different sub-counties and agricultural officers from NGOs, CBOs and NAADs coordinators. There is a modest and significant correlation between the adoption of inorganic fertilizers and crop yields. This study recommends frequent sensitization and training sessions, integrated fertilizer-use approach, a comprehensive fertilizer policy, provision of improved seeds or crop varieties, and setting up community demo-sites and carrying Environmental screening.
- ItemAssessing the effects of geographical expansion of Consumer Price Index (CPI) on inflation in Uganda(Kampala International University, 2017-05) Kaisiromwe, SamThe study details the effects of increasing Consumer Price Index (CPI) geographical coverage on inflation in the country.
- ItemAssessing the impact of water scarcity on agriculture productivity: A case study of Gabiley District, Somalia(Kampala International University, 2018) Sharmarke, Abdi MusseApparently Gabiley District undergoes water crisis where the demand of water outstrips the available water. This has resulted in number of consequences in various aspects in the life of the people, but most importantly hindering their agricultural productivity despite the agriculture contributes 70% of the economy of the county as the people predominantly graze animals (goat, sheep, camel, cattle). However, the major purpose of this study was to examine the Impact of prevailing water crisis in Gabiley has had on Agricultural productions in Gabiley District Somalia. The study assessed the major factors that are responsible water scarcity; and the adaptation measures that people are currently resorting to acclimatize with growing water menace. Both Quantitative and qualitative data analysis were used in the study to analyze different primary data obtained from the field and from the Ministry of Agriculture particularly rainfall distributions data and cereal production trends. Pearson Coefficient Correlation was employed to determine whether there is significant relationship between water shortage particularly precariousness of rainfall performance and crop yields. Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor) and Maize (Zea mays) were selected as benchmark crops due to availability of statistical data trends. Rainfall data for the last 10 years was obtained from there is strong, positive significant correlation between rainfall variability and Produced yields in Gabiley over the last 7years (2010-2016), (r=0.53, and p=0.05). The study finds rainfall distribution in Gabiley District that in turn results in frequent droughts as critical factor that affects water availability in Gabiley District. Disparity of water supply, local climate change, poor harvesting of rainwater, and overstocking are all found as important factors that cause water scarcity in Gabiley District, and it has resulted in reduction of surface water, changes of water table, as well as changes of quality and quantity of yields and formation of hardpans in the soil. Meanwhile, the study has found important adaptation measures being used in the area by local people to acclimatize with prevailing water crisis in Gabiley. This study emphasizes bold measures against prevailing micro-climatic changes in the study area, halt deforestation, regulate on climate and efficiently utilize rainwater, and provide water governance policies and rights to ensure the harmonization of different needs on water resources. These measures will complement to one another, and ultimately counteract the severe water shortage in Gabiley District, Somalia.
- ItemAssessing the impacts of fuel wood harvesting activities on forest degradation in Kwata area, Mutum-Biyu, Gassol local Government area, Taraba State, Nigeria.(Kampala International University, 2018) Usman Dauda DanlamiThe study was carried out to examine the impacts of fuel wood harvesting activities on forest degradation in Mutum- Biyu area. Both Quantitative and Qualitative methods of data collection were used. Data was collected through the use of close ended questionnaire, key informants structured Interview Guide and Transect sampling method. Additionally, the study also employed the use of descriptive statistics such as frequencies, percentage, mean and standard deviation distribution tables to present the data. The sample size of the study was 133 obtained from the target population of 200 respondents from the study areas. The study found out that males were the most individuals involved in fire wood collection with 74.. The most common tree species used as firewood found in the study area is Terminalia glaucescense recorded 46 with 21.69., Prosopis Africana with 13.6., Anageissusleicarpus had 25 with 11.7., Pterocarpuserinaceus had 23 with 10.8, Khaya senegalensis was also recorded 20 species with 9.4., Tamarundusindica had 19 with 8.9.Balaniteeggyptiaca had the least percentage of 3.8, all species were indentified within five (5) sampled plots. The Shannon- wiener diversity index 2.2098 and 2.1464 from plot 2 and 5 was very high compared to other plots, indicating that the forest is a highly diverse area in terms of tree species. According to the community the responses of the local communities, abundance of tree species commonly used as fire wood in the area was declining. This decline may be related to increasing demand generated by the growing human population and national need for charcoal. The study also revealed that, provision of other sources of fuel, provision of more job opportunities; people enlightenment, law enforcement and reforestation remain the most potential ways of controlling the impacts of fuel wood harvesting activities on forest degradation. As important as the wood energy is and as profitable as business in the environment of these source regions has been experiencing a negative impact such as deforestation, soil erosion, loss of biodiversity, `decrease in tree population, wind storm, social conflicts, decline of water source, decrease in food production, soil fertility and leaching. As a result of these findings the study recommended the introduction of fuel efficient cooking device and afforestation programme to approach and minimize the impact of this activity in the environment.
- ItemAssessing the Level of Awareness of the Impact of Charcoal on Forest Degradation in Mpigi District(Kampala International University, 2022-10) Sadiya, Fatah JamaThe study conducted for Assessing the level of awareness of the impact of charcoal burning on forest degradation in Mpigi District. The objectives were to assess the level of knowledge of the long-term effects of charcoal burning on the environment in Mpigi district secondly to examine the effect of charcoal burning on forests usage/ degradation and finally to establish mechanisms for sustainable charcoal burning to enhance forest conservation in Mpigi district. The data was collected from 315 respondents using questionnaires and 8 Key informant interviews. The study found that people in Mpigi district had little or low awareness on the long-term effects of charcoal burning on the environment. The findings for the study show that 36.8% respondents were aware, 112(35.6%) respondents disagreed to awareness while 87(27.6%) respondents were not sure. The long-term effects of charcoal burning were on the environment, forests and agriculture in the long run; the occurrence of charcoal burning reduced the environmental features of forests and agriculture. Secondly the study found that charcoal burning reduces the forests coverage, the effect of the charcoal burning was reduction of the forest cover reducing significantly the forests both of natural and manmade, these effectively reduce the values of the forest covers presenting a negative influence for the forest coverage in Mpigi district. Thirdly the study reveals that mechanisms in place for government for sustainable charcoal burning in Mpigi district indicate that enhanced legal framework for managing forests, Community sensitization on deforestation, providing security in the forest and finally Instituted strict forest monitoring are the mechanisms put in place for the sustainable charcoal burning in the district. The study concludes that in the long run, the charcoal burning significantly affects the environment in Mpigi district. The effect of charcoal burning to the environment significantly remains high with the influences generally degrading the environment. secondly the study found that charcoal burning reduces the forests coverage, the effect of the charcoal burning was reduction of the forest cover reducing significantly the forests both of natural and manmade, these effectively reduce the values of the forest covers presenting a negative influence for the forests coverage in Mpigi district thirdly the study on the mechanisms in place for government for sustainable charcoal burning in Mpigi district indicate that enhanced legal framework for managing forests, Community sensitization on deforestation, providing security in the forest and finally Instituted strict forest monitoring are the mechanisms put in place for the sustainable charcoal burning in the district. The study recommends that first, the government of Uganda, through the relevant authorities, implements the existing forest and resource laws so as to ensure proper usage of the forest related products, Secondly, there is need for the forests usage to be improved, developed and enhanced through generating efficiency of the forest system. The power of charcoal production needs to be developed with efficiency and regulations be possibly developed for the managerial policy and development mechanisms. Thirdly the study recommends that there is need for Increased monitoring and enforcement of illegal timber extraction should be conducted by both local and government stakeholders. There is need for strengthening laws transferring increased decision-making and law enforcement authority to local communities could result the further decentralization of decision-making power
- ItemAssessing the Opportunities and Constraints Of adopting Agro-Forestry Practices by Smallholder Farmers in Luwero District, Central Uganda o(Kampala International University, 2023-08-07) Ahmed, Ali HashiThe study assessed the opportunities and constraints of adopting agro-forestry practices by smallholder farmers in Luwero district, central Uganda. It characterizes the agro-forestry practices undertaken by smallholder farmers in Luwero. It examines the determinants for the adoption of agro-forestry by smallholder farmers. It also ascertains the opportunities for adopting agro-forestry practices by smallholder farmers and establishes the constraints to adopting agro-forestry practices. Data was collected from 304 respondents providing information from administered questionnaires and interviews with 10 respondents. The study discovered that agro-forestry in Luwerois characterized by the presence of home-based agriculture schemes and field agricultural programsthat are expected to enable food security. It found that agro-forestry is determined naturally by the presence of good rainfall and climatic conditions, education of the community and family size, government policy supporting adoption of agro-forestry and presence of institutions such as NEMA in the regulations.The study found that agro-forestry provides economic opportunities through employment and income, rainfall, provide a sense of environmental sustainability, supporting environmental security, provision of food and animals as food for the people in the small holder farms.The study also identifiesthat agro-forestry is constrained bythe ineffective implementation of policy, poor policy management, lack of effective control for agriculture, drought constraint the agro-forestry, presence of disastrous winds, lack of water for irrigation and high costs of the agro-forestry schemes.Hence, it concludes that agro-forestry practices are common amongst the small holder farmers in the Luwero district, though the farmers are not conversant with the programme (crops and trees are cultivated on the same piece of land). Secondly, it affirms that agro-forestry by small holder farmers in the Luwero district is supported by the presence of rainfall and good climatic conditions, supportive government policy and institutions which agitate for theschemes in the district. Thirdly, it surmises that agro-forestry in the Luwero district provides positive economic, environmental and food security mechanisms for the people. It also concludes that agro-forestry is constrained bythe lack of adequate policy essential to significantlysupports the schemes, low access to irrigation.The study recommends theadoption of agro-forestry-based climate change adaptation technologies among smallholder farmers in the Luwero district. There is a need for improvement and increasing governmental and institutional support systems that will enable farmers in the watershed to have equitable assess to interventions that promote the practising of agro-forestry. Also, farmers’ access to markets needs to be improved with the creation of value chains for agro-forestry products.There is a need for developing strategies, frameworks and indicators at alllevels to continuously measure progress in agro-forestry systems and their climate benefits.
- ItemAssessing the role of indigenous soil conservation systems in farming: a case of Birere Sub-County, Isingiro District.(Kampala International University, School of Engineering and Applied Science, 2007-10) Katongole, HadijjahThe study assessed the role of indigenous soil conservation systems used in farming in Birere sub-County. Located in the new created Isingiro District, Birere sub-County is endowed with fertile soils which make farming the main economic activity being carried out. The farmers use indigenous methods in soil conservation though on a lower rate. It’s against such a background that this research was carried out. The general objective of the research was to find out the indigenous soil conservation systems used and how they conserve soils. The methodology used included the use of simple random sampling for selection of the study area, stratified random and systematic list sampling for selection of respondents. The methods of data collection included observation, questionnaires and interviews. Data were analyzed with the use of both qualitative and quantitative methods. Systems used in Birere sub-County among which are mulching, crop rotation, fallowing, intercropping and the use of compost manure among others. These techniques were used in the conservation of soils by adding fertility and controlling erosion among others. The findings also showed that there was a loss of indigenous knowledge due to factors such as the introduction of scientific methods of farming. The research recommends that the government should include indigenous knowledge in the schools’ curricula, make database for the storage of this important knowledge and communities should get involved in decision making so that there is awareness of the this rich diversity of knowledge. In conclusion it should be noted that the best farming system is one that protects the land against erosion and guards against the breakdown of the soil structure and the loss of the soil nutrients. A good farming system needs to take advantage of the tones of human, plant and animal refuse that are being produced daily
- ItemAssessment of community participation in municipal solid waste management in Monrovia City, Liberia(Kampala International University, 2021-10) Toe, Lydia T.The study assessed community participation in municipal solid waste management in Monrovia, Liberia. It was guided by three specific objectives; to assess the types/forms of municipal waste management strategies in Monrovia, Liberia, to document the mode of community management participation strategies in waste management and to explore the attitudes and awareness of residents on waste management in Monrovia Liberia. The researcher administered questionnaires to 400 respondents and employed a cross-sectional research design. Descriptive statistics used included frequencies, means and regression analysis. Results indicated that reduction, reuse and recycle are the municipal waste management practices applied in Monrovia. The waste types included any scrap material, effluent or unwanted surplus substance or article that requires disposal because it is broken, worn out, contaminated or otherwise spoiled. The residents expressed positive attitude toward waste handling and transport, varying from region to region within Monrovia. It was therefore, established that waste collection services were mainly provided to the official areas in central Monrovia and Mamba Point while most of the communities received poor or no services. Giving people more opportunities to participate effectively in garbage collection can highly improve on the strategies used in waste management in Monrovia. Lastly, households attitudes towards waste collection can be improved by involving public participation and attaching a fee on waste collection service based on the waste volume or weight. The management of Monrovia City Corporation should, therefore, allow the community members’ full participation in waste management programmes as this will improve communal responsibility in waste management. This could be achieved through building capacity among the community members as one of the strategies to improve waste management. This study brought up new frontiers of knowledge and information on how community participation should be done, it also exposed the weaknesses that were found out in current operations of waste management in relation to reduction, reuse and recycle.
- ItemAssessment of heavy metal concentrations in food crops from Pece wet land in Gulu Township, Northern Uganda(Kampala International University, School of Engineering Science, 2013-11) Twinamatsiko, RichardThe present study is aimed at assessing the concentrations of heavy metals in food crops from pece wet land Gulu town ship. The study investigated heavy metals which include Copper, Zinc, Lead, and Cadmium in the soil and in selected crops which were banana fruit, sugar cane, coco yam and green vegetables (Amaranthus dubius). Metals are essential for maintaining human health throughout life however, at high concentrations they become poisonous. In Gulu town ship, waste disposal and management is still a challenge, wastes are dumped anywhere and when it rains they are taken by runoffs into pece wet land which is also used as a dumping site and on the other hand utilized for agriculture. Intake of heavy metal contaminated crops may pose a risk to the human health. Plants take in minerals from soil media or air through their roots or foliage. Understanding the distribution of some trace metals in some common food crops is important for establishing baseline concentrations from which anthropogenic effects can be measured. This will provide a basis for encouraging people to undertake proper care in the handling and disposal of solid wastes in addition to providing analytical data for further research. Soil and plant samples were collected from Pece wet land Gulu Township which was used as a dumping site and other samples from Katikamwe wet land in Bushenyi district which served as a control site. The samples from both sites were transported to the laboratory well prepared, soil parameters pH and electrical conductivity determined using a pH meter and a conductivity meter bridge respectively Samples were digested using acids and the concentrations of heavy metals Cadmium, Copper, Lead and Zinc determined using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer. The results showed that the soils in municipal waste dump sites are higher in heavy metals: Cd (1.35 ± 0.44)mg/kg, Cu (36.23 ± 4.04)mg/kg, Pb (46.23 ± 1.68) mg/kg and Zn (151.36 ± 2.22)mg/kg compared to those of the control site Cd (0.65 ± 0.0l)mg/kg, Cu (18.22 ± 3.22)mg/kg, Pb (12.56 + 3.36)mg/kg, and Zn (7.50 ± 2.76)mg/kg, suggesting possible mobility of metals from dumpsites to farmlands through leaching and runoffs. Soils from Gulu town ship had higher pH and EC values than the control site 6.35±0.07 compared to 5.47±0.09 and 167 ± 6 compared to 143 ± 3 respectively.
- ItemAssessment of heavy metal pollution in pece channelized stream water Gulu town, northern-Uganda(Kampala International University, Colleges of Humanities and Social sciences, 2013-09) Otieno, Ochieng’ MosesWater quality monitoring in developing countries is inadequate, especially in stream water affected by urban effluents and runoff. The purpose of this study was to investigate heavy metal contaminants in the Pece Stream water in Gulu Municipality, Northern-Uganda. Water samples were collected along the channel of Pece stream and other samples from Nakaseke River which served as a control site. Selected heavy metals (Zinc, Copper, Lead and Cadmium) were determined using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry. Sampling of water was done during the dry and the wet seasons of the years 2011 and 2012, respectively. Physicochemical parameters were also determined for Electrical conductivity, pH, hardness of water, Total Suspended Solids (TSS) and Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD). Results indicate that heavy metal concentrations in Pece stream water were significant. The mean concentration of Zinc ranged between 0.64 } 0.0040 and 0.78 } 0.0095. Copper gave mean total concentrations between O.0880 }0.0054mg1’ and 0.0420 }0.0072mg/i during the two consecutive years of the study. All these values obtained for Zn and Cu were within the maximum permissible limits of WHO (2008), NEMA (2006) and USEPA (2005). The total lead concentrations in the samples were <0.003 mg/l, this was below the permissible limits of WHO (2008), NEMA (2006) and FMENV (1991). Cadmium was detected at a very low level in all the samples with the highest Mean concentration being 0.005 } 0.002 1 mgl’ and the lowest 0.003 } 0.0002 mgl’ which is below the water quality standards. The average pH of the filtered water samples at 25°C was between 7.04 } 0.0011 and 7.24 } 0.0008. Electric conductivities were comparatively high, with average values ranging between 226.3 } 0.0352 and 232.5 } 0.0048, more than 200-fold that of pure distilled deionised water. The levels of average hardness were between 95.8 } 0.0125 and 103.3 } 0.1106 compared with the FMENV (1991)100 mgl’, WHO (2008)100 mgl’ and USEPA (2005) 100 mgF’ permissible limits. The levels of the Total suspended solids (TSS) were in the range of 0.074 } 0.0051 to 0.077 } 0.0037 mgl’ in the both the wet and dry seasons, these values were within WHO/USEPA, 2005 (0 -5 mgl’) and FMENV, 1991 (30 mgI’) limits. The values of COD ranged from 107.5 } 0.7820 to 134.3 } 4.634 mg (O2)l’ the values obtained were above the maximum permissible limits according to WHO (2008) 10 - 20 mg ’and USEPA (2005)10 Even though the heavy metal pollution were within the maximum permissible limits of NEMA(2004), USEPA (2005), WHO (2008) and FMENV (1991), they are toxic even at very low concentration. Special attention should be paid to mitigate pollution from these sources as their effects may become significant during seasons and years of low water flow in the stream. Therefore, constant monitoring of the Pece stream water quality is needed to record any alteration in the quality and mitigate outbreak of health disorders and the detrimental impacts on the aquatic ecosystem.
- ItemAssessment of heavy metal pollution in water, soil and rice grown around river Yobe, Nigeria(Kampala International University. School of Engineering Science, 2019-05) Mustapha Usman, NasirThe study was carried out to determine the levels of pollution, by selected metals. in water, soil and rice grown around River Yobe, Nigeria. The samples were collected from four different locations and were analyzed for physicochemical parameters, heavy metals and pollution indices. The pH of water and soil samples were found to be within the range of 6.47 ± 0.05 — 6.85 ± 0.13 and 6.00 — 7.70 respectively. The EC, Alkalinity, chloride, hardness, TDS and turbidity of the water samples were in the ranges of 2.12 ± 0.27—2.67 ± 0.35 ds/m; 67.23 + 0.43 —92.33 ± 0.58 mg/L; 0.73 ± 0.02—0.89 ± 0.08 mg/L; 26.67 + 2.31 — 35.67 ± 0.58 mg/L 1357 ± 1.08— 1708 + 1.99 mg/L and 2.23 ± 0.77— 164.20 ± 0.32 FTTJ respectively. The nutrient concentrations in this study showed that the soil samples had low (< 100 kg! Acre) levels of’ nitrogen. Also phosphorous levels in sites P1 and P3 were found to be low in concentrations while medium (100-200 kg! Acre) levels were registered in sites P2 and P4. High (> 200 kg/Acre) level of potassium level was recorded in the sampling sites. MC and AC of plants were within the recommended ranges. The study found out that in water samples Ci’, Fe and Pb had higher values than the permissible limit set by NSDWQ. In the soil samples, the concentrations of Cr, Cu, Fe and Pb were found to be above the WHO permissible limits. In rice grain samples Cu and Zn concentrations were also above the WHO standard limits. In rice leave samples the concentrations Cr and Zn were found to be within the acceptable limits. The contamination factor and geoaccumulation index in all the sampling sites indicated low to moderately contamination levels while the transfer of Pb from soil to plants was found to be in high levels. The findings of this research work proved that the samples collected were polluted by the metals under study.
- ItemAssessment of industrial wastewater effluents into urban ecosystem Kigali, Rwanda(Kampala International University.College of Engneering, 2013-12) Edwin, ByusaRwanda is developing its industrial sector for economic development; those industries are regularly generating wastes, either solid, liquid and gas which can in one way or another harm the living species. For the purpose of this study, an assessment of industrial wastewater effluents into urban wetland ecosystem was done and City of Kigali is considered. The objectives of the study was to establish the pollutants in the effluent of key point sources of Kigali and then assess the effluent discharge management methods and treatments regimes. if any. of three key identified pollution point sources. The pollution due to discharge of untreated industrial effluent into environment is a disturbing environmental crisis of Kigali City. Industries do not have effluent treatment facilities and where the system exists, it does not meet the requirement for effluent standard before their dumping into surface water. It is for this endeavor that effluents from some industries were analyzed through laboratory experiments and then compare the results to the national standards maximum limits requi1·ed for effluents to be discharged to environment. It was found that the urban wetland is polluted by the presence of a higher concentration of TSS. COD. Faecal Coli forms. Cd. Cu. CN. Ni and Phenol rn all the tree sampling sites. And Pb at Kabuye and UTEXR WA. As at UTEXRWA and RUGANWA and then TDS at UTEXRWA, BOD at KABUYE. Fe at UTEXRWA, Cr (VI) at UTEXR WA and Hg is higher at UTEXR WA. The pH value was found to be higher at UTEXR WA and lower at Kabuye. The problem of unplanned settlement leads to having many human activities near those effluents point. Both animal and plant communities are highly affected by the pollulated effluents. so all concerned industries should treat their effluents to protect the biodiversity and reuse them for saving costs, then water is regulated. and the industry's public image is improved. Government should ensure that the fixed standards are respected by monitoring wastewater discharges. The principle of intergeneration equity should guide all of us, as environmental protection is concerned. This is the wise use of environment, natural resources for present and future generations.
- ItemAssessment of the effects of Mining on land cover change in Kogi and Kaduna States, Nigeria(Kampala International University, 2018) Balarebe, Egun SamuelThis study was conducted in Itaphe hills in Kogi state and Birnin Gwari in Kaduna state, Nigeria to assess the effects of mining activities on land cover changes. There is a conflict between economic gains as a result of mining activities on land cover changes resulting in environmental degradation. Therefore this study was an attempt to fill the existing knowledge gap. According to Kibuuka M, (2012), research Gap(s) is a problem which has not been addressed so far in this particular field of study. This is because the reason for one to undertake a research work should be a lack of an insufficiency or gap in existence. In the above dispensation, this particular study has not been done in these areas before now therefore it is a gap. Three objectives were developed to carry out the study; objective one:- to determine the drivers of mining activities in Kogi and Kaduna states, Nigeria, objective two:- to examine the extent of mining activities and land cover change in Kogi and Kaduna states, Nigeria; for the years 1995, 2005, 2015. Objective three:- to assess and compare the effects of mining activities on land cover change in Kogi and Kaduna states, Nigeria. Research questions and null hypotheses were developed to support the research findings; Methods- descriptive and comparative design was adopted for the two mining areas under investigation. Questionnaires and face to face interviews were conducted based on the sampling technique. Data were collected, analyzed and the findings were interpreted as follows; objective one: the results revealed that the greatest driver of mining activities was availability of minerals with 46%, then demand for mineral with 42%, industrialization with 8% and increased population with 4%. Objective two, the study revealed that Kogi in 1995, the mean deviation 3.7681Ex104, in 2005 the mean was 1.8028Ex104 and 2015, it was 8.5064x103 for dense land cover that sowed 0.000 which is less than 0.05 level of significance, hence Ho was rejected. The same finding of sig Value 0.000 was recorded for sparse land in Kogi and so the Ho was rejected since it was less than 0.05 level of significance. In Kaduna the study showed that in 1995, the Dense land cover mean was 3.2182x104 but in 2005, it was 2.0553x104 with the sig value of 0.000 which is less than 0.05 level of significance, hence Ho was rejected. The study also computed the sparse land cover results and it showed the Sig Value of 0.000 for 2005, 2015, hence the Ho was rejected. Objective Three:- the findings obtained from the above objective , indicated that loss of vegetation was most affected with 78% , followed by Disruption of ecosystems with 14%, Acid rain 5% and soil erosion 3% . The study found out that that land cover resources attracted anthropogenic phenomenon (e.g mineral exploitation and industrial build-up) in land cover areas. The study recommended that strengthening institutional monitoring and planning frameworks would help to improve sustainable governance of the humid tropical areas. The study also recommends conducting environmental auditing and mitigation studies against these damages including regular inspections should be executed to keep these activities of mining under control as stipulated in Nigerian Environmental Management Act of no 20 of 2004.
- ItemAssessment of the Impact of Urbanization on Environmental Conservation Measures in Namanve Industrial Park Area, Mukono District, Uganda(Kampala International University, 2023-09-21) Isse, Ahmed MohamedThe study determined the impact of urbanization on environmental conservation measures in the Namanve industrial park area, Mukono District, Uganda. The objectives were to: 1) evaluate the effect of urbanization on the environmental conservation measure, 2) document the environmental conservation practices/measures and 3) suggest mechanisms for the implementation of environmental conservation efforts in the Namanve industrial park area, Mukono District, Uganda. The study utilised a mixed research design in its approach. Hence, data was collected from 296 quantitative respondents and 10 qualitative respondents from the study area. The study discovered that the rate of conservation does not depend on urbanisation. Also, afforestation and reforestation were part of the environmental conservation practices/measures. Second objective findings indicate that continued urbanisation has reduced environmental conservation measures. Thirdly the study indicates that there are some mechanisms put in place for the implementation of environmental conservation efforts in the study area such as air pollution control mechanisms, green environment conservation, the provision of information controls for the environment and the provision of conservation policies. The study concludes that there is ineffectiveness in the environmental conservation practices in Namanve industrial park. Furthermore, it affirms that there is limited environmental conservation practices/measure in Namanve Industrial park. The study concludes that increased urbanisation reduces the environmental conservation measures in Namanve industrial park area, Mukono District, Uganda. The study recommends sustainable environmental practices that will sustain the environmental conservation approaches engaged in the study area.
- ItemAssessment of urban potable water availability and accessibility in Kigali City, Rwanda(Kampala International University.College of Engneering, 2013-12) Theoneste, Bimenyimana
- ItemAssessment of urban potable water availability and accessibility in Kigali City, Rwanda(Kampala International University, Master’s Degree of Environmental Management and Development, 2013-12) Bimenyimana, TheonesteThere is insufficient freshwater in the world for everyone’s essential personal and domestic needs (Johns, 1998). However, lack of distribution nei:works and working systems to extract groundwater or harvest rainwater; exclusion from these services or facilities; inequitable allocation of water resources; and pollution, limit people’s access to sufficient clean water. Large numbers of households in cities around the developing world do not have access to safe drinking water. This study was about urban potable water availability and accessibility in Kigali City, especially in the selected sectors of Gatovu, Nyabugogo, and Kacyiru in Kigali city. A field survey was conducted using questionnaire that were administered to 100 respondents selected purposively. Statistical data analyses were performed using SPSS version 16.0, and maps were produced with Arc GIS software version 9.3 and 10. The water quality was studied in the laboratories and analyzed by Rwanda Bureau of Standards (RBS). Pearson correlation coefficient (PrCC) was done to analyze the associations between the Physico~ chemical contaminants in the potable ground water sources such as River water, improved ground well and rain water. The water quality in the available water sources was however below or within acceptable levels of drinking water in comparison with WHO (2011) standards. Physico-chemical and bacteriological characteristics tested were in the range that is palatable to humans. Furthermore, the existing water network was not evenly distributed over the entire area of Kigali city which showed lack of safe potable water in many areas. Poor availability and accessibility of potable water have negative impacts such as diseases, accidents, insecurity for vulnerable groups like women and children, and economical constraints like high costs of water bills and transport for long distances. Based on current situation, there is need for government to improve rainwater harvesting and management in Kigali city.
- ItemAutomation of microfinance savings and loan system case study: country side micro finance(Kampala International University, School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, 2008-10) Oroma, Josephat OlingCountry Side Micro finance Ltd is one of the Institutions that have been facing problems. The problem faced by this institution is the paper work that is carried out in order to have the organization carry out its operations so as to maintain business processes going on. This has led to the organization to have a lot of delay in handling, disseminating and updating information regarding the monitoring, evaluation and analysis of information that was gathered about the institution and its clients from the daily activities and hence much time than necessary is lost in the slow manual process and bureaucratic procedures and methods. This is the reason the researcher saw it necessary to carry out the research and come out with recommendations at the end. During the research, the methodology that was used to carry out the study was not different from the usual method used in most researches and studies. These are the methods used to gather data from the population using the following methods like interview, questionnaires, cxisting documents and observation. When the data was collected, it was then analyzed so as to come up with the requirements for the system to be built to solve the existing problem. It was found out that, Country Side Micro finance does not have not computerized systems in place to handle their operations. It is therefore recommended that the institution fully adopt a computerized system so as to help organize their operations and monitor and evaluate the performance of the institution in order to keep track of the loan and savings systems.
- ItemChemical and bacteriological assessment of piped and borehole water in Des salaam city, Tanzania(Kampala International University, School of Engineering and Applied Science, 2009-10) Mary. C., KayomboThis study was undertaken to determine the quality of water by determining the e physicochemical parameters, chemical parameters and bacteriological properties of piped water, and boreholes water in Dar es Salaam city, as well as determination of the seasonal variation of raw water quality. Piped water samples were purposively collected at the point of treatment to the point of use. However all the operational boreholes water samples were sampled. Chlorine, conductivity, temperature, pH and Total dissolved solids were analyzed direct from the sites while Colour, Turbidity, Alkalinity, Total hardness, Alminium, Iron, Manganese, Ammonia, Nitrates, Chlorides, Calcium, Total coliforms and Faecal coliforms were analyzed in the laboratory following the standard procedures for water analysis. The results showed that, piped water was of better quality compared to that of the borehole as most of the values analyzed were within the maximum permissible limit according to WHO (2008) and current Tanzanian standards. The major contaminants in underground water were calcium derived geochemically, faecal coliforms and total coliform attributed to anthropogenic activities. Values for conductivity were much high for the borehole samples, with the highest mean value of (1241.5±1086.98) ps/cm recorded at Mzimuni Primary School while for the piped was (I52.35±48.65)ps/cm recorded at Upper Ruvu plant. The low values from the piped water were due to efficient water treatment process done by DAWASCO. The chemical elements analyzed in piped water, were all below the permissible limit except aluminium which had the highest mean value of (I.43±1.17)mg/l at House hold 1 which was above 1.0mg/I of that of Tanzanian standard maximum permissible limit of drinking water whereas those obtained from the borehole, were within the permissible limit. The highest mean value for total coliform was 3.66±0.58/lOQml from the piped water at City Botanical Garden and 3.33±2.08/100m for House hold 3, and 3±1/lOOmI, from the boreholes at Shauri Moyo. The highest value for faecal