Bachelor of Medicine and Bachelor of Surgery(MBchB)
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- ItemFactors associated with abortion among clients who attend selected health facilities in Bushenyi Ishaka municipality Uganda.(Kampala International University, School of Health Sciences, 2009-01) Gloria, KiconcoIntroduction globally, abortion mortality accounts for at least 13% of all maternal mortality. Maternal mortality is 600,000 deaths per year due to pregnancy-related causes, and 99% of these deaths are in developing countries (WHO 2008). Abortions occur at a rate of 54 per 1,000 women aged 15–49 and account for one in five pregnancies. (Prada, E et al 2005). Methods. It was a retrospective cross-sectional study conducted in Kampala international university teaching hospital and Ishaka Adventist hospital, to find out factors associated with abortion among clients who attend the health facilities. A period of three months May, June and July 2013 were considered. Purposive sampling was used to select 96 clients, only those who were diagnosed of abortion and had all the necessary information were considered from both hospitals. 72 files were selected from Ishaka Adventist Hospital and 24 files from Kampala International Hospital because more clients attend Ishaka Adventist Hospital than Kampala International Hospital. Objectives. To identify factors associated with abortion among clients who attend selected health facilities in Bushenyi- Ishaka Municipality Specifically; to find out the social demographic characteristics of clients, Establish the commonest type of abortion among clients. To identify medical factors associated with abortion among clients who attend selected health facilities in Bushenyi- Ishaka Municipality. Results Low social economic status, age group of 20-24 years (30.5%), being married (86.5%) and being single but co habiting (11.5%) are positively associated with abortion. Banyankole from Nyabubale (13.5%), Ishaka (10.4%), MItooma(9.3%), Kigoma (6.2%) and Kakanju (6.2) have an increased risk of abortion. Most abortions were spontaneous (87.5%), incomplete (65.6%), with no identifiable cause (79.2%) only (9.4%) were induced. Conclusion, the majority of clients were of low social economic status and most abortions were spontaneous incomplete, with no identifiable cause. Most of them were married and between 20-24 years. Recommendations 1. Massive health education programmes should be conducted to teach females of reproductive age especially in communities of Nyabubale, Ishaka, MItooma, Kigoma, and Kakanju villages about good sexual practices and quality antenatal care. 2. The government should ensure that free or affordable public sector contraceptive services reach all women especially the poor and young to reduce the risk of unplanned pregnancies which end up in abortion. 3. Research should be carried out in Nyabubale, Ishaka, MItooma, Kigoma, and Kakanju villages to find out why there are more abortions and to find out the cause of spontaneous abortion. 4. Economic empowerment in communities through formation of groups, working together and joining village banks to improve their social economic
- ItemA study on HIV/AIDS awareness and prevention amongst teenagers in Ishaka municipality, Nyakabirizi ward, cell 3.(Kampala International University, School of Health Sciences, 2009-08) Onono, Arthur RakulaTo determine how aware the teenagers of Ishaka municipality, Nyakabirizi ward, cell 3 are aware on methods of minimizing the spread of HIV/AIDS. To determine whether methods of minimizing HIV/AIDS spread amongst the sexually active are known. To determine what factors affect lead to failure of pursuing approaches which ultimately minimize spread of HIV/AIDS. To determine the degree of knowledge on the available methods of disease prevention
- ItemNon — governmental organizations’ advocacy in settling internally displaced persons in Limuru-Kenya(Kampala International University, Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, 2010-09) Kungu N, JosephThis study was set out to establish the role of NGOs in resettling IDPs in Limuru district in Kenya. Specifically the study wanted to establish the effect of (i) NGOs advocacy for education (ii) NGOs working together and (iii) funding of economic activities help in settling internally displaced persons in Limuru-Kenya. The study was done by developing a conceptual frame relating NGOs advocacy and resettlement of IDPs. The study was co-relational in nature and it employed a quantitative approach; data were collected from 226 respondents using self administered questionnaires as the key data collection instruments. Data were analyzed at univariate level using frequency counts and summary statistics and Pearson Linear Correlation coefficient at bivariate level. The study revealed that NGOs advocacy for education has a positive insignificant relationship with resettlement of IDPs in Limuru district (ii) NGO working together and (iii) NGO funding of economic activities help in settling internally displaced persons in Limuru-Kenya. From the above findings appropriate conclusions and recommendations including those for further research were made. Recommendations from the study were; The study concluded that, (I) Authorities in Limuru in conjunction with NGOs should advocate for an education system that looks at the different characteristics of the people in IDP, (ii) there should be well formulated and implemented education policies for the people of Limuru which considers the dynamic nature of the IDPs, (iii) there is a need for a huge campaign among the IDPs in encouraging them to work together in team as this will improve their productivity through merging their difference competencies, (iv) there should be creation and establishment of a variety of economic activities among the IDPs and the entire Limuru district to tap the potential of different people in order to make the people occupies thus creating the need for settlement, (v) there is the need to provide free of charge or at highly subsidized prices accommodation, particularly with regard to the basic commodities since they are essential for settlement, (vi) Offer the relevant expertise, such as on shelter, education, and protection, to the overall international response to IDPs;
- ItemEffect of body mass index on pregnancy outcome at Kampala international university western campus: cohort study(Kampala International University. School of Health Sciences Western Campus, 2011-11) Ritho, Benjamin MathengeThe increasing population of overweight and obese women world-wide is a major public health concern now reaching epidemic proportions. Two thirds of these women are in the reproductive age which has critical consequences for fetal and maternal health. Maternal obesity has been shown to be associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes such as hypertension, diabetes , infections such a urinary tract infections (UTI), preterm labor, increased cesarean delivery; and poor neonatal outcomes such RDS, macrosomia and prematurity . Obesity thus results in increased maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality with increased costs of provision of healthcare. Objective This study was aimed at determining the effect of high maternal body mass index (BMI) i.e. ≥ 25 and gestational weight gain on pregnancy outcomes. Study setting The study was carried out at the Kampala International University Teaching Hospital labour ward Study design This study was designed as a hospital based cohort study Study population This was comprised of mothers coming to KIU-TH for delivery. A total of 60 women were recruited into the study, the exposed group were women with increased BMI i.e. >25 and the unexposed were women with normal BMI i.e. 18.5-24.9.The exposed were 31 in total and were further divided into overweight group (BMI 25-29.9) with 15 women and obese group (BMI 30-34.9) with 16 women. The unexposed were 29 in number.
- ItemSerostatus and frequency of ill health among HIV exposed infants in Ishaka Adventist Hospital.(Kampala International University. School of Health Sciences Western Campus, 2012-11) Allan, Kuyu ItotiaThis research was done to determine the sero-status and frequency of ill health of HIV exposed infants in Ishaka Adventist hospital. it was a cross sectional descriptive study design in which a convenience sampling (opportunity or grab sampling) technique was used in that interviewer administered questionnaires was given to any available respondent who meets the required inclusion criteria at that particular time of day, this was done until a saturation point of 100 respondents is reached. A modified 2nd Edition Questionnaires were used as tools for collecting data. Data was analyzed scientifically by the use of EPI info and SPSS and interpreted into tables’ pie charts and figures by the use of Microsoft office excel version 2007. It was discovered that majority of respondents more than 70 percent have knowledge on what is PMTCT and the advantages of PMTCT programs to pregnant mothers and they said during this time of services is when the sero-status of the mother is determined and preventive measures taken. They mention some of the advantages as; Prevention of transmission of HIV/AIDS to the child during delivery, Screening exercise to know mothers serostatus, Starting on ARVs in case screened positive, regular medical checkups for other conditions. But they also say that this services are not possible and it leads to mothers transmitting HIV to their infants because of not being screened on time and also not delivering from the health facility because of the following reasons like; poverty, Distance is too far to health facility, traveling means are expensive and ignorance as some of many factors. Hence, the government should encourage health education on PMTCT thus regular medical checkups, regular Screening, change of lifestyle to medically positive style, availing Health facilities near to people and eradication of poverty.
- ItemFactors affecting utilisation of post natal care (PNC) services among mothers in Ishaka(Kampala International University, School of Health Sciences, 2013) Were FlaviaA cross-sectional study design was used to collect data from mothers in Ishaka town; 87 mothers were interviewed. A checklist was employed to collect information from the different health facilities. The data was analyzed using SPSS version 16.0 and Microsoft Excel 2007 version. A total of 87 mothers were interviewed using a structured questionnaire. A total of 67 mothers (77%) did not attend PNC, with attendance at only 23% (20 mothers). In bivariate analysis, a number of factors were found to be associated with PNC utilization as shown. There are still existent gaps in the awareness and importance of PNC services, confounded by the lack of education by health service providers, in addition to other factors affecting its utilization
- ItemFactors influencing utilization of skilled birth attendance at Garissa Provincial General Hospital(Kampala International University, School of Health Sciences, 2013) Ibrahim Abdinasir AdanThe lack of skilled deliveries is a public health concern as it is associated with unacceptably high maternal and prenatal mortality in the developing countries. In order to achieve the millennium development goal 5, the Kenya’s Ministry of Health (MOH), through Division of Reproductive Health developed the National Reproductive Health Strategy which aims at the reduction of maternal mortality to 170/100,000 from 590/100,000 live birth by the year 2015 and also increase the number of pregnant mothers attended by skilled attendant to 90% (MOH, 2003).This research aimed at establishing the factors affecting the utilization of skilled birth attendance at Garissa provincial hospital which is situated in Garissa County-Kenya. The study design was descriptive cross-sectional involving 399 women of reproductive age attending Maternal – Child Health (MCH) clinic during the research period. A structured and semi-structured questionnaire was administered by the research assistants to the individual women attending the clinic. The quantitative data was entered into excel and exported to SPSS for analysis where percentages, means and standard deviations was calculated. Among the social demographic factors that were researched on, it is only age that showed highly significance in utilizing PGH Garissa maternity unit. The study indicated that women less than25 years are 2.83 times more likely to utilize PGH Garissa than women older than 25 years, majority of women (88.7%) preferred PGH Garissa maternity as their place of delivery and most women (68.9%) started antenatal clinic in their last trimester of pregnancy (as from 25th week gestation
- ItemLiver function changes in HIV patients taking highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) in Kampala International university teaching hospital.(2013) Chindaya Hyeldugal Franklin, Hyeldugal FranklinLiver function changes in patients taking HAART can present with serious complications. Coinfection with hepatitis viruses increases the risk of liver toxicity while taking anti retroviral therapy. Baseline transaminases should be checked before beginning anti retro viral therapy and all patients should be screened for preexisting liver disease, most notably hepatitis B and C infections. Regular monitoring of transaminases should be done when commencing anti retro viral therapy. Thus, in patients with normal liver function test result, transaminases could be checked monthly after commencing HAART for at least 3 months. In an ideal health facility if stable, this can be broadened to 3 months interval. Patients who present with preexisting liver disease, monitoring should be performed more frequently when initiating therapy.The less hepatotoxic drugs such as lamivudine and abacavir should be preferred inpatients at high risk of hypersensitivity. Risks include coinfection with HBV and HCV infections, a previous record of hepatoxicity, cirrhosis, obesity, and female gender. Minor enzyme elevations (< 5-fold upper limit of normal) are generally safe to tolerate and usually resolve. Patients should be observed closely with regular liver function tests done and a hypersensitivity type drug reaction should be excluded. The onset of clinical symptoms, elevated serum lactate or evidence of severe hepatic dysfunction are suggestive of severe toxicity and HAART should be stopped.Treatment of suspected HAART related hepatoxicity should first involve withdrawal of therapy. Hypersensitivity reactions may be treated with corticosteroids and nucleoside induced mitochondrial damage may improve with riboflavin or thiamine therapy.HIV infected patients have continued to benefit from different drug regimen including HAART. However HAART has been observed to have side effects which include HAART associated hepatotoxicity leading to severe liver impairment among others. A cross-sectional, retrospective study that aimed at assessing liver function changes in HIV/AIDS patients on HAART at KIUTH was done. A total of 40 HIV/AIDS adult patient files with no confounding ailments and who had been on HAART drugs for at least 3 months was evaluated in this study. 51% (n=40) were males, and 49% (n=40) were females. Information was obtained on baseline test results for serum liver enzyme levels and prescribed HAARTs. Only those files with normal baseline test results were evaluated.
- ItemFactors that are hindering the use of modern contraceptive methods among women of child bearing age (14-49 years) in Bushenyi-Ishaka Town Council, Western Uganda(Kampala International University, School of Health Sciences, 2013) Nabukeera, Mary ProssyThe study sought to assess the factors that have led to under utilization of modern contraceptive methods in women of child bearing age (14-49) years in the area of study (Bushenyi-Ishaka Municipality. The objectives of the study were; to determine the knowledge of mothers in child bearing age on contraceptive use, to determine the attitude of mothers towards modern family planning methods, to assess accessibly and affordability of these mothers to modern family planning facilities, to identify any social, cultural factors linked with use of modern contraceptive methods and to determine the family planning methods that are commonly used by women in the area of study…
- ItemFactors affecting the provision of safe water supply in Kanyakwar Sublocation Kisumu Municipality Kisumu District Kenya(Kampala International University, School of Health Sciences, 2013-02) Ahmed, Mohamed MuseThe broad aim of this study was to assess factors affecting the provision of safe water in Kanyakwar Sub-Location, Kisumu District Nyanza province, Kenya. The specific objectives of the study were; to determine social demographic factors affecting safe water supply in Kanyakwar Sub Location, to assess social economic factors affecting access to safe water in Kanyakwar Sub Location Kisumu, to look at possible factors leading to contamination of streams in Kanyakwar Kisumu district and to help identify sources of water contamination in Kisumu district...
- ItemFactors influencing availability, accessibility and utilization of post exposure prophylaxis of HIV by health care workers in Ainabkoi North Division, Eldoret East district(Kampala International University, School of Health Sciences, 2013-02) Stanley Kipkemboi KemeiThe study sought to examine the availability, accessibility and utilization of occupational exposure to HIV and the utilization of PEP among health care workers (HCW) in hospitals. The objectives of the study were; to determine the prevalence and types of occupational exposure in health care centres, determine accessibility and availability of occupational PEP services and assess utilization of HIV PEP services by HCWs in public and private health facilities in Eldoret East district. The study looked into the availability, accessibility and utilization of PEP of HIV by HCWs in both government and faith base health facilities in Eldoret East district. The study adopted exploratory research design, cross sectional and quantitative data for was collected. Structured questionnaire and in-depth interviews were used to collect the data. Data was sort, summarized and analyzed statistically. The study findings revealed that there is significant number exposure 19% annually as compared to the world 0.3% which is a subject to development and resources. The level of awareness of PEP in the health centres is low due to lack of PEP drugs in the Eldoret East district. The study recommends that there is need for the health centres facilities to conduct extensive awareness campaign to inform the health care workers of the PEP drugs availability and how it can utilized to prevent HIV infection after exposure. The findings will contribute to suggest policy changes that may lead to improvement in compliance by HCWs to universal precautions and/or use of PEP of HIV
- ItemFactors contributing to anemia among antenatal mothers in Garissa County, Kenya(Kampala International University. School of Health Sciences Western Campus, 2013-03) Mohamed, A. AbdilleThe objective of the study was to determine factors contributing to anemia among antenatal mothers in Garissa County, Kenya. It was a cross-sectional study carried out in the study area and one hundred respondents were interviewed and the majority (62%) were in the age group between 18-27 years with 95% married and the major religion being Islam. The study finding shows that 54% and 12% had moderate and severe anemia respectively with 38% having a positive malaria parasite on slide examination and anaemia was common in the second and third trimester, 42%. Poverty and illiteracy was at an alarming rate as most of the respondents (82%) had no formal education while 83% had no major source of income. Most of respondents, 98% received ferrous and folate supplements and insecticide treated nets (52%) during their antenatal visits and net use rate stood at 69%.
- ItemA retrospective study on the common causes of morbidity among children and mothers in Watoto child-care ministries’ Suubi Village(Kampala International University. School of Health Sciences (Western Campus), 2013-03) Osuta, Hope MethuselahThis research set out to assess the prevalence of common causes of morbidity among children and mothers in Watoto child-care ministries’ Suubi Village
- ItemAssessment of factors hindering family planning service utilisation among women of reproductive age in Mubende Town Council(Kampala International University, School of Health Sciences, 2013-03) Magala JosephThe purpose of the study was to establish the factors hindering family planning utilization in Mubende Town Council. It was found out that women were highly aware of family planning and its benefits and many had ever used family planning methods (87.50%), but the dropout rate was high (21.30% ) especially among married women (31.50%) due to lack of sustained information and counseling about family planning, difficulties in accessing family planning services, associated side effects (63.1% ), negative attitude towards some contraceptive methods(11.20%), scarcity of family planning supplies(28.80%) and few working hours at the available health centers(open late and close early). One of the nurses at a health units at MTC reported that the health unit hardly gets adequate supply of contraceptive methods visa vie the demand population and always experienced stock outs of the methods. Also long distance to the health units affect accessibility (12.5%) and financial constraints (13.80%) because family planning services in private clinics have to be paid for. Many women use family planning in secrecy, thus inject plan which offers protection for a long duration (3months) was the commonly preferred because pills are hard to hide from spouses who are not supportive(42.5%). Among those using family planning only 23.50% had supportive husbands...
- ItemAssessment of factors contributing to high prevalence of HIV/AIDS amongst people of reproductive age in Kamukuzi Sub County, Mbarara District(Kampala International University,Faculty of Clinical Medicine and Dentistry, 2013-03) Gizamba, GeorgeThe study was aimed at establishing the factors that contribute to high prevalence of HIV/AIDS among the youth in Mbarara district. Across sectional study was used to establish the above factor using questionnaires, observation, personal interviews, and documentations. During the study, the findings were; most of the individuals 28 (50%) interviewed suggested that they would not die alone while students preferred joining NGO’s if tested positive. 28 (50%) of the individuals were in small scale businesses showing that they are of low economic status, and it is noted that cultural practices are more in people of low economic status. Many youth are involved in prostitution due to lack of jobs, sexual pleasure and lack of parental guidance, Moral decadence amongst the youth is rated at 95% due to prostitution, pornographic materials, abortions and poor dressing, many youths take alcohols and other toxicants due to presence of many bars and pubs lack of strict laws and peer influence and Poverty was found to be a setback of many government and individual programs’, yet poverty and AIDS exhibit a reciprocal relationship. Conclusions included, failure of interventions to effectively cause behavior change and halt the spread of HIV is in the fact that most of them emphasize looking at risky behavior and risky categories instead of paying attention to people’s sexual behaviors in relation to the socio-economic status, Poverty and corruption have institutionalized almost all human spheres, but as long as this vice persists, illiteracy and socially sanctioned violence will also blossom leading to loss of social cohesion, It is the individual’s responsibility to protect oneself from HIV infection despite the prevailing economic situation: poverty should not be taken as an excuse for contracting HIV infection and Individuals must seriously endeavor to fight poverty and HIV infection simultaneously for their own survival. The major recommendation included; the District Health Team (DHT) should intensify health education through information education and communication, Government should put strict laws on sale of alcohols and should encourage schools to teach sex education as well counseling service provided in schools, Conduct refresher training for HIV counselors with consistent support from government and that community leaders should develop a programme of sensitizing communities to reduce stigmatization.
- ItemA qualitative research study investigating community knowledge and perception of the safe motherhood issues in Tororo District Eastern Uganda(Kampala International University, Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, 2013-03) Syongola, WillisThe aim of the study was to investigate community knowledge and perception of the safe motherhood issues in Tororo district eastern Uganda.The study was guided by the following objects 1. To determine the levels of knowledge and perceptions of safe motherhood amongst women and men in Tororo district. 2. To determine the factors that affect care seeking for perceived maternal complications amongst communities in Tororo district. 3. To determine the relationship between socio-demographic characteristics and knowledge about safe motherhood in Tororo district 4 1.4 Research Questions i. What are the levels of knowledge and perceptions of safe motherhood amongst women and men in Tororo district. ii. What are the factors that affect care seeking for perceived maternal complications amongst communities in Tororo district. iii. What is the relationship between population characteristics and knowledge about safe motherhood in Tororo district 1.6 Significance of the Research The findings from this study have policy and programmatic implications. Resources for maternal health are scarce in developing countries, especially with the competing demands for resources to combat HIV/AIDS, malaria, and tuberculosis. Thus, information to inform policy makers on improvement of resource allocation and service delivery in a bid to promote safe motherthood hence movement towards the attainment of millennium development goal number five.
- ItemAvailability of cervical cancer screening services in Bushenyi district (Rugazi Health Center IV, Comboni Hospital, Kitagata Hospital and Kampala International University Teaching Hospital)(Kampala International University, School of Health Sciences, 2013-03) Kiwanuka Pontian KA cross-sectional study was done to find out the availability of cervical cancer screening services in Bushenyi district covering Rugazi Health Centre IV, Comboni hospital, Kitagata hospital and Kampala International University Teaching hospital. A total of 200 respondents comprised of women of childbearing age (15-49 years) attending antenatal care and those who had brought their children for immunization. 50 respondents were randomly sampled from each health unit. 50 health workers of different cadres were also interviewed, making the total number of participants to be 250 people. A total of 128 (64.0%) had ever heard about cervical cancer and 72 (36.0%) had never heard about it. Also a total of 73 (36.5%) had heard about cervical cancer screening services over the radio/Television, 37(18.5%) from health workers at the health facilities…
- ItemAssessment of occupational health hazards at Kitagata District Hospital, Sheema District-Uganda(Kampala International University, School of Health Sciences, 2013-03) Ahabwe, DavisThe general purpose of the study was to assess occupational health hazards among workers at Kitagata Hospital in Sheema District located in South Western Uganda. The objectives of the study were; to determine the prevalence of occupational health hazards at Kitagata Hospital, to determine the factors leading to occupational health hazards among staff at Kitagata Hospital and to assess the measure of control of occupation health hazards at Kitagata Hospital…
- ItemA qualitative research study investigating community knowledge and perception of the safe motherhood issues in Tororo District, Eastern Uganda(Kampala International University, School of Health Sciences, 2013-03) Syongola WillisThe purpose of the study was to investigate community knowledge and perception of the safe motherhood issues in Tororo District, Eastern Uganda. The objectives were; to determine the levels of knowledge and perceptions of safe motherhood among women and men in Tororo district, to determine the factors that affect care seeking for perceived maternal complications among communities in Tororo district and to determine the relationship between socio-demographic characteristics and knowledge about safe motherhood in Tororo district…
- ItemThe role of lower government health units (health centres) in provision of family planning services in Lira Municipality(Kampala International University, School of Health Sciences, 2013-03) Okello JamesThe study sought to assess the availability of modern contraceptive methods in lower government health units, the level of involvement of the service providers, community involvement and participation in family planning service delivery, the number of staff responsible and the factors hindering effective service delivery. Pretested questionnaires were issued to a total of 100 respondents, 60 of whom were clients, 10 service providers in each of the three health units visited, making a total of 30 service providers and 10 key informants. All data was analyzed with the help of electronic calculator and the computer. The results indicated the increasing need for contraception amongst the population regardless of the parity, social status and religion. The majority (36.8%) of contraception users had 1-2 children and had only attained primary level of education. About 50% of clients using contraceptives at the time of interview were Roman Catholics, a religious sect well known for its negative campaign against contraception. However, majority (79%) of the clients interviewed were getting family planning services either in the hospital or private clinics, not the health centre in which they had come for other health services. The main reasons advanced were ranging from seeking better services, privacy and convenience and others preferred hospitals because of doctor’s presence. The same reasons were also given by 60% of the key informants who were either directly or indirectly involved in contraceptive use; where they also insisted on better services as a main reason for going to private clinics. All the service providers (100%) interviewed stated the limitations of these lower health units (health centers) as stemming from shortage of methods, poor staffing, inadequate spacing and community bias against the lower level units in provision of certain services.