Characterization of escherichia coli isolates producing extended spectrum beta-lactamase from urinary tract infected patients in selected hospitals in Kisii County, Kenya
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Date
2023-10
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Kampala International University
Abstract
Brief introduction: The second easiest sickness in the world after respiratory disorders is Urinary tract infection (UTI), a type of contamination that affects the urethra, ureters and bladder. The pathogen that infects the circulatory and urinary systems most frequently across the globe is Escherichia coli. Numerous medical facilities have been devastated by E. coli’s antibiotic resistance, making it difficult to eradicate infections among patients. This has created a global healthcare problem, by limiting the antimicrobial medications that can be used to treat infections caused by bacteria. Development of resistance is due to change in bacterial genes involved in virulence and pathogenicity and these genes can be studied at molecular level.
Objectives of the study: Characterization of multi-drug resistant E. coli isolates from urinary tract infected patients attending selected hospitals in Kisii County, Kenya.
Materials and methods: A total of 203 samples of urine were obtained, bacteriologically analyzed using various biochemical tests, sensitivity tests were done on E. coli isolates and those that were found to be resistant to antibiotics were isolated and characterized using standard microbiology techniques.
Results: of the 203 clean midstream samples that were collected and analyzed, 115 (56.65%) yielded bacterial growth, and out of the 115, 24 (20.87%) sample confirmed positive for E. coli. Amoxicillin exhibited high resistance (100%), followed closely by ceftriaxone (53.33%). PCR amplification of DNA from the E. coli isolates that produced ESBL showed the BlaTEM gene's presence (62.5%), and BlaCTX-M genes and BlaSHV genes were absent.
Conclusion and recommendation: A prevalence of 20.87% was reported. The study revealed that UPEC isolates were completely (100%) sensitive to imipenem and completely resistant to amoxicillin (100%). BlaTEM gene was the most dominant gene. To avoid excessive and inappropriate use of antibiotics as well as treatment failures, it is advised to routinely screen isolates that produce ESBL before administering antibiotics.
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A dissertation report submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the award of the degree of Master of Science in Microbiology of Kampala International University