Master of Medicine in Pediatrics and Child Health

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Browsing Master of Medicine in Pediatrics and Child Health by Author "Abdirahman Hassan Salad"

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    Incidence and risk factors for early neonatal mortality among term neonates in the Neonatal Unit of Hoima Regional Referral Hospital
    (Kampala International University, 2024-03) Abdirahman Hassan Salad
    Background:The contribution of neonatal deaths to the under-5 deaths continue to increase despite the efforts to reduce under-five mortality. Of all neonatal deaths, about a third occur within the first day after birth, and three-quarters within the first week of life. Neonatal mortality rate is still high in Uganda. There is still a paucity of data on the incidence of early neonatal mortality among term neonates in the NICU of Hoima Regional Referral Hospital (HRRH) and its risk factors. This study aimed to determine the incidence and risk factors for early neonatal mortality among term neonates in the neonatal unit of HRRH. Methods: This was a hospital based prospective cohort study at HRRH in which neonates admitted to the NICU were followed up for 7 days to assess for occurrence of mortality and the day it occurred. Data relating to risk factors was collected at admission. A blood sample was taken for blood investigations. The risk factors were determined using Poisson regression in Stata version 18 for analysis. Results:In this study that enrolled 301 term neonates, most were males 205(68.1%) admitted within 24 hours of life 273 (90.7%) The commonest diagnosis at admission was neonatal sepsis seen among 128(42.5%) of the study participants. In this study, 29 of the term neonates died within 7 days of life representing an incidence rate of 29 deaths per 2,015 person days at risk, equivalent to 0.014 deaths per person day (. At multivariate analysis, the significant risk factors for early neonatal mortality among term neonates were: mother not having formal education (adjusted incidence rare ratio (aIRR) =1.258, 95%CI=1.097-1.444, P=0.001), being resuscitated for >10 minutes (aIRR=1.246, 95%CI=1.059-1.465, P=0.008) and having apnea (aIRR=1.232, 95%CI=1.065-1.425, P=0.005). Conclusion: The early neonatal mortality in this study was high. More still needs to be done to further bring down the early neonatal mortality with focus on neonates born to mothers with no formal education, those resuscitated for >20 minutes and those having apnea.